CONSIDERABLE DATE.
CONSIDERABLE DATE.
To Jury Bondarev - 75 years.
Bondarev Jury Vasilevich - the author of novels of "Tishin", "Hot snow",
"Two", "Coast", "Instants", "Choice", "Game". The winner Lenin and
The state awards, the winner of awards of L.N.Tolstogo and M.A.Sholohova,
The All-Russia award "Stalingrad", the Hero of Socialist work. Having
Considerable operational experience with journalists, Bondarev has solved at once itself
To secure. It has led conversation extremely cautiously, very politely insisting on
To the scheme of dialogue. First of all by phone has wished to know in detail
All circle of prospective questions.
Settlement in wood - silent, sugrobnyj, with fences, with atmosphere. Come across
Country houses of obviously new time from the grown fond red brick, but basically
Houses of construction of the Soviet period, on a today's eye not especially
The impressing.
Has stopped at gate of the marked two-storeyed yellow house. The owner
Met. I have seen for the first time Jury Bondarev. It has seemed at once much
More youngly, has surprised with validity, very strict acute sight, I
Has told hawk, little bit softened only in the following meeting.
Definitely - the hermit. The strong hand shake sensitive still time
Later.
Bondarev always left in huge circulations. About one and a half years ago
The edition devjatitomnika has ended. Recently I have walked on centre shops
Moscow, has come even in second-hand, but, unfortunately, Jury Bondarev's books
Has not found.
Irina Ustinova.
- JURY VASILYEVICH, today the reader has the improbable
Variety of the book production, allowing to be started up in search, and the writer
- Unlimited possibility to express. On the other hand, all the same is not present
Especially outstanding creations. What, in your opinion, occurs? Does not lose
Whether the Russian literature the world value?
- I more than once spoke in articles, what not the literature loses
The epoch-making value, and some forces of an antinational direction
"Lose" the literature, shade it, opakoshchivajut, belittle,
Pervert, transform into a joke, in platitude and lie, it is frequent in the gold
To wrapper. The great country has the great reader. And it was, this reader,
Unprecedented and numerous, the reader, thirsting to learn true, instead of sickly
Imitation true to learn the person, instead of mashinopodobnoe a being
mashinopodobnogo centuries. After all books for the clever reader were written. And primordial
The truth of soul human: pleasure, passions, defects, good, harm, hatred -
Revealed all our history, instead of destiny of a lonely human life,
Without which there is no history. We live in bezvremeni, without big ideas,
Without natural kindness and morals, without modesty and protective
Bashfulness - we are free, we are liberated to that degree that are ready
To shout in an attack of happy permissiveness. "Long live the general
Overthrow of skirts and trousers! ".
Our freedom is freedom of a spittle in the past, the present and the future, in
Sacred, inviolable, pure, already unique in history. These spittles
"Democratic freedom" all the same have not soiled, have not polluted the greatest
Russian literature and art of the Soviet period which has created the world
Masterpieces.
Well I know: despite bezvremene, my companions write novels about
The present, promising to tell about our days with all gravity.
- Censorship did not favour great Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Chekhov, not speaking
Already about the Soviet writers. As this department has concerned your creativity,
Whether there were at you thereupon during known time any problems?
- All artists faced censorship at all times. In the critic is not present
Criteria, therefore the opponent, denying, can say, that to it will take in head,
Not applying superfluous mind. In censorship criteria of privacy attach to themselves
On help and categories political, and protectively-moral (struggle with
Pornography etc.).
In reorganisation times among so-called creative intelligency
There was a deafening crying and a cry, a gnash tooth: regret orphaned for the sake of
Divine art! We mordovala, were tormented with censorship, we were not printed,
We were held in handcuffs, pytali in offices by furious officials with the red
And dark blue pencils in hands. As it was found out a little later - any
In the slightest degree the outstanding novel zamordovan was not. Victims gave vent
Tears literary-onions to acquire the capital of the talented sufferer.
Grossman's novel has been really arrested, however not censorship, and more
Serious bodies, that in itself is far not reasonable action.
With the novel "Doctor Zhivago" - the history is confused by three sites, and secret
Peripetias me interest a little.
I will not sob and demand hot a revenge to censorship though dealt with it
Concerning almost each my novel, since "Battalions ask fire".
Already has no value as I quarrelled with the main censor and not
The main censors whom I made of the decision after long conversations what
There were compromises to rescue a thing, but that fact, that on prituplenie in
The text I went in desperate cases, meanwhile dissembling and leaving the same thought
And a truth sharpness through page. "Tishin", "Two", "Coast", "Choice",
Film epopee "Clearing" time and again heard an angry direction of speech, but from
Appreciable surgical operation they have been rescued, having incurred, of course,
Some losses about which to speak now - means "to be cried bitterly" on
potrebu to the truth of fools. By the way, losses in the subsequent editions were
Are restored, except for the end "Battalions." Pages are lost, and about
They should be forgotten.
- Today Russian literature at last was released from a press of censorship,
Personally it became easier to you to write?.
- Censorship is not a press, and an obstacle which needs to be overcome.
Obstacles in a life are necessary the same as the period of vanity of vanities and languor
Spirit. There is no such time in a life of the writer when it would easily be written. Censorship to
To "letter" has no command relation. The writing of novels - employment
Not for cowardly and shy for each word generates both friends, and foes.
The book till that minute while the reader does not open the first page, -
Neutral strip, nobody the won territory; as soon as it is opened
The first page, begins battle between the author and the reader. It is mercy
The god when to the reader the author becomes the friend - a meeting of old friends as
After long separation, - and this the most valuable, that bears in itself conscientious
The literature.
- At you, it is possible to tell, extremely safe creative destiny. You
Wrote sometime "to a table"?.
- About my well-being has started to write the critic when I became, that
Is called, recognised. Yes, in 1956 I drove to the literature on the white
Game, strong having clamped under the arm "Battalions ask the story of fire", the
The title, as you can see, calling fire on itself. There was a story in
Magazine "Young guards", criticism, having looked back, as if on command, the beginnings
Long turns to beat in an emphasis on defeat. The first article which has shot from
Newspapers "Komsomol truth", was called it is rather significant: "Realism,
Killing the truth ". The reader has accepted the story (excuse for immodesty)
Enthusiastically, to the author there was a general interest: conferences, discussions,
Meetings, invitations in different cities, never-ending letters. And only long
Later about the story have suddenly started talking differently - absolutely opposite to volume, that
It was printed before. So, however, was both with "Silence", and with "Game".
And in general I consider the literary destiny quite happy, Plays
Under my novels about ten years went with notices at theatres. Almost all mine
Things are picturized. My books are translated more than to 70 foreign
Languages and on all languages of the CIS. "" I never wrote To a table, but something from
Written for myself I yet do not print.
- Jury Vasilevich over what you work now?
- It is the modern novel - history of the young man of 80-90th years.
- Heroes of your products, as a rule, had prototypes, whether is
Starting history at the new novel?.
- Prototypes - a life in which, I hope, it is possible to learn many, in
That number and though to speak about prototypes of sense is not present. It
Slippery and ungrateful subject. I will add that, Quixote, the hero of XVI century, not
Has settled itself and in our mad century.
- Whether soon the reader will see your new product?
- I hope to finish the novel this year, still it is a lot of job. Without the careful
Letters, without careful performance and otshlifovki any talent risks
To erect to itself a statue from a cardboard. A modern postmodernism any edge
Does not touch me. I prefer to external novelty the truth, thought and is limiting
The bared feeling. I for the expanded metaphor in prose, a hyperbole,
The fantasy, generalising symbol. Unknown force long since pushed away me from
Writers, whose imagination has been clasped on all buttons. These creators
Are intolerably reasonable, even in the punctuation marks learnt at school.
- Whether there is already an arrangement with any publishing house on the new book?
- With book publishing house is not present. The novel will appear in "Novel-newspaper". I
The person soldier's, job for the present is not finished, to run ahead of the book on
Two kilometres I do not like.
- You always wrote about collision of a debt, conscience, the validity, love with
Self-interest, careerism. This foreshortening of human lines and relations still
It is interesting to you?.
- The Homere, Shakespeare, Balzac, Tolstoy, Beethoven, Dostoevsky, Tchaikovsky, -
As a matter of fact, all of them spoke to the world about same: about the person in history and about
Histories in the person, all of them considered as the most considerable plot Jesus life
The Christ. In this evangelical history all is projected on the modern: belief,
Love, destruction unfair and unreasonable, hatred, suffering,
Repentance (not a repentance on-intelligentski!), a self-interest, treachery,
Death.
The global subject is not carried out: all mankind will be not mourned for
Great deceit of the nature and for the perversity.
The literary bible of the XX-th century - for the present Sholokhov. The great Soviet
The literature is Sholokhov's time. Once I heard the good reader's
Phrase about "Silent Don": "mnogochitannyj and the multiliked novel". As it
It is paradoxical, foes and Sholokhov's furious slanderers, its vindictive
Envious persons, perhaps, do not realise till now, they have made what blessing for
Cultures of Russia. Since that significant second when was published "Silent
Don ", criticism indefatigably, with short only respites speaks about the literature
Giant in history of world cultures, that is about an immortal word of the genius.
The criticism is not a status sentimental blagorastvorenija. But poor
The bent criticism considering all perfect literature by the unfair
The phenomenon in the nature, forgets to wash off from itself a bias dirt, before that
How to sit down for a desk. Italian critic Milano has told to me on
Discussions in Rome: "Criticism - the corrupted thought. Now it is deprived value
And sense ".
- At Literary institute you studied in Paustovsky's seminar, masters
Lyrical prose. It has left what trace in your life?
- Konstantin Georgievicha I recollect with tenderness. It was present
The writer, good companion and the uncommon teacher. It is impossible to learn, of course,
To write, but it is possible to learn to love by the way, to a rhythm, to a unique epithet.
Moreover, its motto was: "to work, work, work". I worked. I
Always wished to reach heights in the novels. And for a long time has acquired, that on one
Tree there are no two identical leaves. The height is reached by long-suffering,
Persistence and belief. It is convinced: any writer himself should be own
The teacher. It always the pupil.
- You live exclusively on incomes of the literary works?
- On fees and on pension.
- Than still, except literary activity, you are engaged, maybe,
Participate in any actions, funds or have completely devoted itself
To creativity?.
- Bypassing all memberships in different editorial boards, I happen, however on
Sessions of "Novel-newspaper", the International community of the literary unions,
Where I the co-chairman, and at sessions of the commission on the International award
Sholokhov's name (the chairman of the commission).
- Whom read, and can, and re-read all life?
- My interests are wide. I could list all Russian and foreign
To the classic. I esteem Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Chekhov, Bunin. These titans
Were engaged in knowledge and the society image, philosophically adjoining with
World knowledge as a whole - a life and the God, death and immortality, borders of reason and
Feelings. The West of roads to me Flaubert, Oscar Uajldom, soldier's Remarque.
America has given birth to two great - Toп п я п Vulfa and Jack Londona, near to them
-Wise Mark Twain. At the same time I doubt - whether the independent phenomenon
The American literature, whether affiliated is sister European with an element
The urbanistic photonovel?.
My night little table is filled up by books which I re-read. Now,
For example, here Montaigne near to Bunin, the magician of a word, divine
Tyutchev and strict Plutarh.
Here it would be desirable to tell, that talent and the genius - not the gold nugget which has fallen
With the sky, and it is the mortal person (and at the same time immortal), born not
Kind fate on an azure lawn, in warm dew, and world
Conflicts, sufferings, passions, defects, humility, love to
To the woman. They knew about the person almost all and are ready to live "resolutely for all".
So the poet approximately could tell. Therefore it is impossible to blow into light from
Creations. The forgotten classic remains the classic. Irrespective of our memory and
Our mood it will return it is a high time. Talent and the genius go the
Difficult, unbeaten by, stumbling in holes, falling and rising. However
They call thus hostility, envy and rage those reasonable
tshcheslavtsev who goes on nakatannomu highway, having put in pawn hands in pockets and dreaming
About a laurel wreath, ostensibly prepared it. So was and so will be. And I believe in
Inescapable tradition of art, in that tradition which observes
Laws of taste, unwritten and unstated laws, instants between
Light and darkness, rejects the half-truth and saves life signs, customs,
Courage, honour, conscience - saves to descendants. Lilac not always is
Necessarily pink. Most dangerously with a smile to glorify, vljublenno with
Bows to give out the crafty and mediocre writer for svetocha words.
- In Soviet times all very much liked the House of writers. There occurred
Many different events, and historical too. There was a perfect restaurant with
The magnificent kitchen, one of the best in Moscow. In a word, it was the house.
It lacks you?.
- Into restaurant TSDL came not too often and now I do without it, as
As if it also is not present.
- Jury Vasilevich, I have understood, that you actually constantly live in
The Moscow suburbs, probably, the Moscow life you not so interest?
- The Moscow life, except irritation and a sick head, does not give anything.
Continuous scenery at merchant theatre which reel from whiff
Wind. A tinsel, false shine of counterfeit brilliants. Indifferent crowd with
Empty look. Black stockings near the shined entrances of hotels. Theatres,
Where fragile directors dominate.
- Probably, something has changed and in literary settlement. Whether have appeared
The new people interesting, whether are not present, cultures concerning sphere?
- With new people in our literary settlement obshcheny at me is not present, except
The polite: "Hello" and "All good".
- You have released the creations, actually all your characters have found
The second life, have entered into other plane, have received not only readers, but also
Spectators. Probably, there are directors, the actors who most close have approached to
To your understanding of the literary hero. You consider what film most
Interesting, gone right?.
- I am at a loss to choose the liked child. I liked that cinema and was close
It is connected with it. A modern cinema at all I do not know, and that I see
On TV it is casual, - me not to liking. In voluptuous ecstasy of the
Hatred to all Russian our TV spoilt jakovlevskoj
Publicity, smashes Soviet and Russian culture, replacing it
iskoverkannostju natures and platitude, both a pornography, and violence, and
Wildness cave. I have travelled all over more than half of world, but such
Dressed in rags, ignorant, stupid, the silliest in the vulgarity
TV did not see anywhere.
- Jury Vasilevich as you think, generation twenty years' reads yours
Books?.
- The research of the Russian national library carried out recently
Has shown, that my books, thanks God, in the different ends of Russia for the present
Read.
Interesting action of ours with Jury Bondarev of dialogue was written
Statement of for my part offered questions on points and from Jury
Vasilyevich, at its desire, a reciprocal statement of the text on a paper, at once
Protected it from perefrazirovany and discrepancies in it interview. As
Jury turns out only at people very occupied, with the rigid schedule of job,
Vasilyevich, "having closed" - on its expression - "all sluices", having removed affairs,
Has plunged into job and even per day earlier our arrangement in a military way
Has reported on readiness.
//* an information Source: the Independent newspaper, 16.03.99
//* Reg. Nom. - 1090300154.60-------------------------------------------
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