THE COUNTRY WHICH CAN NOT BE.
THE COUNTRY WHICH CAN NOT BE.
India knows, that it not only the native land of elephants, but also the future superstate.
Dmitry Kosyrev.
IT IS SAID THAT about the person much can be learnt how he drinks, plays
In maps also drives the car. With the nations it is more difficult - and still the car and
Road for the American, say, at all that (and not those), that for the Englishman
Or the Japanese. And in great ancient India you receive the first shock not then,
When will see the first snake charmer and when will get on road.
Howl hooters, moving precisely a zigzag of the car of a strange kind - in
The core either very small (minicars), or huge (lorries
Unprecedented stamps). On roads, especially country highways, - except
Buses and cars, carts with stones, carrying a camel, in the best
Case tihohodnym a tractor, which towards on asphalt with
Sacred cows, pigs, bird leave self-destructive persistence, and even
The trained bears on a chain. As a result average speed on highway -
Forty kilometres per hour or about that. Traces of collisions everywhere - on
Wings of cars or on a roadside where the next turned lays
The lorry.
It is all, strangely enough, one of displays occurring in the country in
Last years of changes. Decades the dozing country somehow suddenly became
Other - speaking to cloth language of economic applications to serious newspapers,
Makes jerk during other epoch.
What is this jerk, it is visible on the same road. The capital, Delhi, worries
Invasion of cars, and aboriginals complain, that live in the gas
To the chamber where for 70 % of air pollution are responsible avto. In day on roads
Capitals increases on 500 cars (including motorcycles). The motor-vehicle pool of Delhi has grown
Three times for ten years. And here road policemen still remains 2900,
From which always 400 in holiday, 500 sit in offices, 300 accompany
VIP. The city simply is not ready to autoboom. Concrete islets in the middle
Roads - with any armaturnymi the thorns, dangerous road protections, no
Gleaming plates, bad illumination, traffic lights, signs do not work
Are mad! Any driver will tell about it to you, and will add from the mischievous
Pride: and the main problem - at us in heads. Indians too are not ready to
To autoboom, they simply cannot go easy and cautiously on a straight line, not that
Character.
It thus, that while is few high-speed powerful cars. Even "Tojoty"
Or "Mitsubisi" - very rare here an animal. India and Indians in the majority not
So for them are rich. The boom has begun with krohotulek, which somehow
Have pushed aside on a background for years correcting ball on roads local "Prime ministers"
And "Ambassadory", by the form looking like "Volga" the most-very first model.
Their release decreases. A symbol of the status of middle class today -
"Hende"-Santra and "Maruti"-Zen, both is with engine volume in 1 litre and
In size with "Oka". Indians - the people far not undersized and as are located in
These dwarfish cars on 4 persons, it is necessary to see. But are located also with that
Are proud. By the way, both mentioned models stand here more 10 thousand
Dollars, huge money. And when because of some economic recession in
Last time of sale avto have decreased almost on third for this winter, in the market
In January there was a local miracle - "Indika", made by the oldest group
Companies "п п я п ".
"Indika" it is considered the first developed completely local forces
By passenger car for the mass market and already therefore has mentioned
Sensitive strings in local patriotic hearts. "House", that is
The component of the car developed and made in India is estimated in
98 %. All - up to the software of robots - tried to do
: even conveyors, even building from zero of the factory capable
To let out 150 thousand pieces a year. All investments into 400 million have managed
Dollars though average cost of creation of such manufacture could be
1,5 billion Saved on all. Why have reached a sale price in hardly more
6 thousand dollars.
What it for the car? By sight - the same minicar, in which and
To one it is close. Absolutely modern, kaplevidnaja, there are updatings with
The hydrostrengthened wheel, lifts of glasses, the central lock etc. That
Is - almost the same "Santra" or "Zen". But at this crumb - powerful (1,4
Litre) the motor. And - the car very strong, for local roads. At it mark,
However, it is a lot of lacks as regards completeness and grace of furnish
Salon - it is visible, that the manufacturer of lorries did "Indiku".
In Delhi I had some interview with key for economic and
Other development of the country by people. And very many said, that this "it is pure
Indian "the car very well shows, that such the today's
City middle class and today's national economy. A frame I Will find,
The director for external relations of Confederation of the Indian industry, considers,
That "Indika" specifies in varying style of a life of the city inhabitant. It
Still a situation, when one family uses one car (and as it is visible,
Very inexpensive), but - the big families where live under one roof leave
People of several generations. An another matter that is still far before when is
4 cars on 4 members of a family. Before us a family small, but - that is important -
More mobile, at which is in the market a choice, in it people know, that
Want, are well informed, and this buyer you will not deceive.
NEW INDIANS.
So, in the country grows and something gets stronger under the name "middle class",
If want - "new Indians". And what is it?
In some hotels of Delhi and other cities I saw perfectly dressed, obviously not
The living in misery people who have been carried away by tasting as European, and
National dishes. But in all years in the country were not translated very rich
People though earlier it were basically radzhi and their relatives from different states.
So these to name "new Indians" it would be incorrect. Curious
Features of "new Indians" appear, when read the Sunday
Applications to newspapers. Here that is advertised and discussed in newspapers:
Feminism and political correctness in the West (here educated "new Indians"
Completely in a course of problems, but look down on western colleagues,
As on gone mad). Deodorants and the similar natural traditional
Means; yoga and weight reduction; a contraceptive pill for men; and
The whole newspaper sheets of the information on Internet secrets. Are interesting
Advertising pictures: on them not clear being is represented, whether
The Latin American, whether something other, including yellowish curled hair at
Women. It appears, the Indian in absence sari and kurta-pyjamas very much
Is cosmopolitan looks, but remains the Indian in many other aspects.
Including in aspect material. From newspapers - announcements of hiring on
Job - can be learnt, that such the salary of the Indian employee. An equivalent
In 200 dollars - prospect for the employee of the oil company; and for
The woman-pilot of the Air Forces it almost 300 dollars (plus all privileges).
But not these trades do weather in the country. In India now it is literally on
Equal place appears (that is is under construction from zero) that in other countries
Asia is called as technoparks or kibergorodami, - complexes modern
Manufactures with the shops, hotels, sports constructions and so
Further. These are buildings basically from glass in which it is forbidden to smoke.
There it is possible to observe numbers of the sections fenced off from each other where people sit
Behind computers. Here it are very characteristic representatives of middle class.
Surja the Edging, the vice-president working in such technopark "Tata
konsaltansi servisez ", says, that at people working here diplomas in
Engineering and computer business. They carry out orders basically because of
Borders - creation of systems and the software for new
Investment projects or in the India, or in the third countries. It
People who are literally fascinated by computer science, live on the Internet, adore
The job, believe, that computers in this life will easily change much.
Let's tell, in India it is possible to book now tickets for a train on the computer
Communications; besides, clients prefer those banks, that kompjuterizovany, with
It is possible to work as them, not leaving the house or office. Besides, continues
Edging, its subordinates constantly travel on the country and abroad. And it
Very much it is pleasant to them. Still pair of features: to smoke people became less, it is visible,
That the fashion includes care of health. However, to drink begin more, as
It is socially comprehensible now. And some, he adds, drink more than
It is useful for them.
As to health here the curious information to me have informed in
The companies, whose head has won following the results of 1998 prize "the businessman of year",
Is, probably, in most advanced, most successfully developing company
India - "Renbaksi laboratoriz", entering into the list 100 of the largest
Pharmaceutical corporations of the world. Its president D.S.Brar tells, that
The index of consumption of medicines varies. For such country as we, speaks
It, has been swept up an emphasis on manufacture dezinfektantov, first of all
Antibiotics. And it is clear - the set of illnesses is called by environment,
Flooding, unhygienic conditions of a life, absence of water, so
The enemy number one - infections that in the West we see less. But now
Demand for production, potrebnuju for struggle with kardiovaskuljarnymi grows
Illnesses, hypertension, depression and nervous diseases. In general in ours
Manufacture the segment of medicines for chronic illnesses, here again we has grown
We expect growth in 15 % a year. That is medicines for middle class
Are consumed faster, than "traditional". However, energizers and
protivostressovye means are on sale basically in cities and under the recipe, and
Something Indians yet do not send in addition in this area before self-treatment. After all at us,
He notices, it is not accepted to recognise yet, that you suffer from depression,
Though now and it varies.
Can seem, that almost anything especial in all it is not present. Average
The class something is similar everywhere because it svojstven has enough
Cosmopolitan sight at the world, and pleasures and troubles at these people are similar on
To all world though also, national in each country it is enough. And
When you observe the Indian middle class, it is difficult to get off sensation,
What is it is possible to see in any country. We will tell, on Jamaica or in Russia (and
In due time in the USSR). But the sensation it quickly passes, when business reaches
To the main feature of this country - huge numbers.
Indians almost billion. And this in itself does the country not simply
Especial, and unique, comparable unless only with China.
To start a simple question: how much people can be carried to "the new
To Indians "? The Frame mentioned already I Will find from Confederation Indian
To the industry approaches to this statistics, leaning on capacity estimations
Different segments of the consumer market.
For many companies, she speaks, tempting the popular figure seems in
300 million persons. But if to look at them from the point of view of buyers
Consumer goods it is faster than 50 million On the world standards it
Much. There are many countries much less. These 50 million - real volume
The market for such goods, as cars, electronics and other. The others
250 million is a middle class on local, instead of to international concepts,
In it too there are some gradation of purchasing capacity. And
When, say, to us manufacturers of cigarettes come and speak: aha, here mine
The market - 300 million, - that expects them disappointment. It is the local market, instead of
For their goods.
The president "Renbaksi" confirms D.S.Brar: former estimations,
Equating hundred millions Indians to middle class of France or
England, have been rather exaggerated. Last 3 years we see, what is it
Has brought the majority of the international companies though at us, undoubtedly, is
Growing middle class with a growing level of demand on production of the best
Qualities of a life - whether it be entertainments or consumer goods.
Not so long ago, for example, ejforistichno believed, that annual demand on
Cars will approach to 2 million a year by 2000. But we have got stuck: in 1999
Real estimation of demand - 500 thousand cars. What has occurred? Have not considered the extensive
The market second-hand avto. Indians do not throw out the car, as in the West.
Why sellers of porridges and corn-flakes are disappointed? They have not accepted in
The attention, that at Indians very developed habits is something absolutely other
For a breakfast, in addition in each staff the kitchen, reminds Brar. Probably,
Years and new generations that it has changed be required.
. We Will remember the mentioned figures - 1 billion (the population of all India) and 300 million
(The maximum estimation of middle class), as well as somehow "sagged"
Between them 700 million persons. Also we will talk about one more - very important -
Categories of Indians number of millions in twenty, which, however,
Very many can make for the future of this on what not the similar country.
THE SECOND INDIA.
In local use there was a new word from three letters: LINDENS, or the person
The Indian origin. What is this public? Unlike the Chinese
Diasporas it generally the people who have left abroad for a while and
Counting to return. Besides it more often experts of the highest
Class, since the childhood owning good English. Basically work in
Computer science areas (it is counted up, that 44 % of the American visas the computer
To experts excellent doctors, lawyers stand out to Indians), and also and
Etc. Them invite, to them give good salaries. In addition there are also Indians,
Strongly settled in South East Asia, England and other places.
It is known, that China involves foreign investments on the average on 46
Billion dollars a year, and 2/3 of them come if not from the overseas
Chineses, at their intermediary. In India before it was not. Now
The picture varies. It is counted up, that riches of 20 million LINDENS to approximately equally GNP
All India! And then there was an unexpected. In August of last year
The government has intended to place among the Indian diaspora a loan in 2
Billion dollars. But as all this history has coincided with nuclear tests
And the world inflow of the Indian patriotism, "bonds of the reviving India"
Have brought to the 4,1 billion country
There are the organisations working on this direction at least
Some years. A frame I Will find speaks: for our confederation foreign
Indians are a bank of good will. At us 10 foreign offices, and through them we
Constantly in contact to the Indian community in the different countries. Their sights we
We study, opinions it is considered and we pass the government. Organizational
Registrations of these communications while are not present. We work till now not so much with
Associations of Indians abroad, how much with separate people, which
The decision make and are capable to affect investment processes.
According to the Frame I Will find, in Delhi did not try to create abroad the formal
"Groups of support of India". However, she speaks, you see, that when the prime minister
Or the Minister of Finance goes abroad always meets there the Indian
Community. At last world economic forum in Davos confederation
Has arranged a dinner with participation of the Minister of Finance for all LINDENS who has appeared in
Davos.
Here there is one entertaining political moment. Now at the power in India
There is government Bharatija Dzhanata Parti which first named
induistskim, ultranationalist. And so, BDP for the first time and
Has seriously started to work with LINDENS worldwide, thus that the first steps to
To rapprochement compatriots have made.
In the USA, for example, the majority of LINDENS have a reputation for "people BDP". In total Indians
There 1,2 million - a powerful community. In political activity they earlier not
Have been noticed, but before last elections the organisations have started to be created
Type "Overseas friends BDP" - 350 persons who have collected means on
Parcel to India 25 experts on elective technologies. The same did
"The global organisation of people of the Indian origin" - not such
Global, some hundreds persons, and so on. But all of them have been grasped
Ideology BDP - nationalism of the Indian revival. As a result
The come to power government, except introduction for LINDENS of new rules
Visa-free entrance, has given them the right to give here children in schools,
To do investments and to open the companies on the same level with all Indians.
It is amusing, that "nationalist" government BDP does by it for
Internationalisations of India more than all former. Thanks to it growing
The class of "new Indians", receiving powerful feed from "the second India", can in
The future to show the same miracles what we observed in China.
THE WAY.
But India - not China, it in general on what is not similar. Perhaps, after
Conversations on middle class, the Internet and new models of cars it is time
To tell: India simply frightens of the poverty, these boundless crowds
The people who are muffling up in grey rags. In some places of the country it seems, that
The fortieth years when millions starved, anywhere do not send away. It not so. For
The past decades the country has won mass hunger. And still mentioned
Above 700 million are the people somehow living for the sums in
Some dollars a month from generation to generation. And this enormous weight
People defines all difference between India and other countries.
There is a temptation, having arrived to India to try to compare it to others
The states of Asia (Africa, Europe) purely visually and on the basis of it
To make the forecast of its future. We will tell, in Delhi you will not see young growth
Skyscrapers and sparkling trading quarters, characteristic for China or
South East Asia - here still an epoch of trade from a tray or small
Little shop. And to these and other signs it would be desirable to tell, that India
Today - about the same, that Thailand 30 years ago, just as today's
Thailand is Malaysia 10 years ago, and last is Singapore 10 years
Back, and so on. But that's just the point, that development of South East Asia
It is really possible to predict and calculate on years, especially now,
When financial crisis as a whole there behind. With India all is much more difficult. At
It it is absolute other, than in East and South East Asia, development model.
From 700 million poor defined - the most poor - a part rather
It is mobile. How developed in the future Delhi and other cities, it will be
To involve there economic refugees from other parts of the country, and also
From Bangladesh and the other next states. Tent settlements of beggars
It is literally on all capital will disappear not soon. It is economy informed - and
Enormous - vessels; and how riches between two vessels flowed,
Which I have designated words "new Indians" and "the second India", anywhere
To get to from the third, from this enormous sea of poverty. Poverty once was and
In Thailand, and in the other countries, but it is the small states, on them will suffice
Concerning the moderate investments giving at once appreciable effect. But any
External force will not finance those 700 million who and lives today almost
As at Great Moguls. Is not present in the world of such money. By the way, India - not the client
The IMF also concerns fund haughtily.
Nevertheless any gleams, fragments of that it is possible to name
Philosophy, the concept of national development, in Delhi it is possible to hear in
The answer to a question: what will be India in the subsequent 20, 30 and so on years?
First, India already today - world computer power, the leader on
To volume of manufacture of software product. Surja the Edging from "Taty" speaks: on
To my estimations, during this period India it becomes already definitive a place, where all
The world places software workings out. Here work
English-speaking people with excellent qualification and motivation - they want all
To make very well and quickly. We in the company expect, he speaks, and in it
To year to save growth in this branch of 35-40 %.
As a whole this branch, undoubtedly, "locomotive", driving the country in the future,
Brings to it almost 2 billion dollars a year, the first assistant spoke to me
The minister of trade P.P.Prabhu. Now, as he said, the government
namereno to develop telecommunications as a computer science part, for what this
The sector is liberalised. At office of the prime minister there is a special group,
Working over a problem - to become a world superstate in computer science. In
The South Asian region, it, we and so reminds number one.
Frame I Will find marks: we have a perfect potential in the pharmaceutical
Sector - here we are competitive, and also in manufacture of the electronic
Components and in easy engineering.
World competitiveness here - keywords. An era a competition,
Based on knowledge, has come here faster, than an electricity or water in
Some villages. A frame I Will find notices: it was accepted to think earlier, that
The house market will solve all problems. But this epoch is finished.
Competitiveness of our production at world level is extremely necessary
For our industry. And an obvious consequence of this process - growth
The Indian economy. Prabhu notices: we have ceased to be closed
Economy. Having liberalised import of technologies, we receive set
The newest equipment from abroad. We feel, that thus
The industrial base extends and becomes stronger. We became very strong,
Competitive economy.
National obsession technologies, researches, knowledge, a science
Here it was appreciable always. Here and earlier it was possible to read, that average
The income in the developed countries in 50 times more, than in not developed, however they
Spend per capita in 220 times more for the research
Activity, than not developed. But that was the theory. There has now come the new
Stage: the practical. Before research often were conducted by the government in
Separation from the industry. Today the government gives more actively
National laboratories to the private companies, if that the expensive
To create the research centres (the initiative of this two-three months).
All it has together allowed D.S.Braru to tell to me: the Indian
The industry passes during a new epoch. And here is how this epoch will be
To develop - we will look. But there will be all and side by side,
Not speaking about a difference on regions - and the Internet and struggle against poverty.
. One more, and the major, feature of "the Indian model" developments - those
The greatest numbers. They can bring and advantage. The term "Upper Volta with
Rockets "would not seem anybody absurd, if in Upper Volta of veins
Billion person. India, despite poverty per capita, is capable
To concentrate enormous intellectual and material resources
Exclusively thanks to the sizes and to achieve success - we will tell,
To create the same notorious rockets and a nuclear bomb.
But, on the other hand, the Indian billion gives enormous inertia. As
One of diplomats spoke to me, "we wake up slowly, we move without
Jumps also we choose self-maintenance. We know, that it is impossible to kill the
Industrial base - we open to the world only when are assured, that
The competitor here will not destroy anything ".
Let's notice, that all together means: India - the partner, which to us now
It is necessary it is not less, than we it. In total trade turnover of India - 77 billion
Dollars, the basic partners - the USA, England, Germany, Japan. Trade with Russia
Has reached peak in 1990 - 5, 5 billion dollars. Now it has fallen to 1,5
Billion Purpose - to double goods turnover to 2000 and uchetverit to 2005 - it is taken
Under the personal control of two prime ministers. We will look. As a whole ours
Economic cooperation - too serious subject that it was possible
To concern it here so, casually, among other questions.
Let's return to India of the future. Whether process of its development will be undermined
Any political cataclysm? Strictly speaking, it it is simple nobody
Can tell, but. The Indian policy has one feature:
Minority of the policy. Strangely enough, meanwhile it is considered, that
The huge sea of the inert and poor population of India - the guarantor of stability
The nation and its future development. The idea is that: what and where in the country
Occurred, whether it be any political, social and other shocks,
Always the most part of India remains not mentioned. One of the American
Ambassadors in Delhi all has somehow called it "functional (i.e. Well
Working) anarchy ". And this one more proof of that before us -
The country which cannot be at all, differently as in a fairy tale. Actually, India
With its five-thousand-year culture, as well as the next China, is in some
Sense and not the country, and something similar to Europe, a conglomerate of the nations with the general
(In the main thing) culture, though and with various languages. Though existence
Pakistan and Bangladesh, and also Nepal and Butane directs at the defined
Reflexions.
What in general unites India? Delhi journalists said to me, that
The main thing - a certain feeling of unity of the nation which lives in a head of everyone
The Indian. That is the ancient culture which is switching on a certain ability of enormous weights
People to live side by side: "In India there are no tyrants and there is no the society filled
The latent intensity, as in the West ". If to esteem newspapers, apropos
Intensity there is other impression, but. Nevertheless the nations, its culture
A certain democratism - as radical, primordial is really peculiar,
Traced in ancient religions, and remained in the form of the political
Devices from British. And more - special and peculiar to the nation as a whole
Outlook: quiet, proud, optimistic nationalism.
DERZHAVNOST.
Known clairvoyant Bedzhan Daruvalla has given out recently - through the Internet,
Naturally - the next predictions. Namely, that in day of republic in
January 2008 country will be visited by aliens and that in the XXI-st century India will be
Superstate. And so, aliens were discussed briskly (whether to invite
Them on parade or will come?), and the second prediction - is languid: what for to speak
About that as so it is clear?.
Congenital derzhavnost - one of the national lines, uniting
Indians and Russian; however, it is a lot of general lines, also it is noticed, that
Dialogue of two people always went and goes somehow marvellously easily.
At Nehru's University Dzhavaharlala I have suggested interlocutors to spend
The fast comparative analysis of two nations. Result - remained with me on
To film conversation when, interrupting each other, respond absolutely
Simultaneously (and different things) some person: professor Nirmala
Dzhoshi, the chairman of the university centre on studying of Russia, East
Europe and the Central Asia, and not less its four colleagues.
The overall picture if to give its dotted line, the such appears. Both nations
Are very sentimental. Russian and Indians (if to speak not about elite, and about
"Usual people") are opened, frank and friendly. And - in both cases people
Become very aggressive if them to provoke.
Russia and India - two countries with a multilingual and multicultural society.
They are similar the mnogolikostju and raznoobraznostju. But a way of the decision
Problems at two nations the different. At both people the nation concept yet
Has developed, both still live one foot in empire, another in the nation. Nationalism
At them still young, only it is formed. At both countries the big cultural
Problems with upgrade and a westernisation up to tearing away of those,
If not to speak about people blanket. Often last aggravates
Contradictions in a society.
"An aggression threshold" the different. Indians are more aggressive, blow up faster,
Than Russian, - but it "the usual person", a management in India less
Aggressively, and here Zhirinovskys at them are in each staff. Russian
The political cynicism - especial, in India similar is not present anything.
Changes of last years have not affected ease of dialogue of two nations,
To Indians with Russian it is easier, than with Americans or Englishmen, if not
Language barrier. Till now set of children here name Sashej and Mishej, and
Very usual name - Stalin. One nation to another and now does not have feelings
Animosities and contempt. But if and further practice does not renew
Training of students each other, it will be bad.
That expected by India from Russia? Indians would like, that Russia was very much
The strong, independent centre of world politics, to nobody submitting. They
Hope also, that the nationalism will start up at us roots, having allowed us to become -
I quote - "the independent country".
Coming back to congenital derzhavnosti Indians, it is necessary to tell, that it
It is absolutely deprived spitefully-envious ushchemlennosti. For some reason anybody from mine
Interlocutors did not tear on itself hair concerning that India has not overtaken
On a standard of living the Great Britain as it was already made for a long time by its other were
Colonies - Singapore or Hong Kong. They know, that all the same they - the native land
Elephants and great power already today. Neither crowds of beggars, nor absence in Delhi
Skyscrapers or "Mercedes" in streets - nothing afflicts Indians, firmly
Assured of that they already now can look haughtily at all the others
The people, but should not show it as the ancient does not allow
Culture. Are felt any amazing general optimism and cheerful,
Positive energy which it is possible to name also ineradicable - despite
Five thousand years of existence of the nation - a passionarity charge.
Whether aliens who will arrive here in 2008, or Indians
Will make the country a superstate in the XXI-st century - it is not known; but it is similar, that in
Any case we in Moscow should to it rejoice not less, than to it in
Delhi.
Delhi-Moscow.
//* an information Source: the Independent newspaper, 19.05.99
//* Reg. Nom. - 1090500148.56-------------------------------------------
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