Private life during a terror epoch.
Private life during a terror epoch.
Tracking down terrorists, security services will spy and
For you.
Halid Al Midhar (Khalid Al-Midhar) has come into the view
Law enforcement bodies one and a half years ago. Videocameras
Malaysian special services have photographed it in December, 1999 on road
On a meeting with certain assistant Osama bin Laden which should
Was to take place in one of hotels in Kuala Lumpur. A film
Have passed representatives of the USA, and in some months Al Midhar
It has appeared in the list of potential terrorists of Service of immigration and
Naturalisations of the USA (Immigration and Naturalization Service). So
That, when in August it was found out, that Al Midhar is in
To America, FBI has directed on its searches of the agents.
By that moment when FBI has found out it, the business burnt
Manhattan, the part of the Pentagon and more than five thousand laid in ruins
The person were lost. Trying to understand, that has occurred, special services
Have studied the list of passengers of the stolen plane of airline
"Amerikan Ejrlajnz" (American Airlines), flying flight 77, and
It has appeared, that Al Midhar has bought the ticket for this flight for the
Own name.
This history involves more and more attention as
Experts try to exclude possibility of repetition of tragedy 11
September. Whether such scanty information - a name and the description could
Appearance Al Midhara - to help to prevent an event?
Probably, yes.
There are techniques, which at more active application
Would allow to mark Al Midhara before it has appeared onboard
The plane. For example, it was possible to correlate the list of the potential
Terrorists of FBI with commercial databases. And it would allow
To detain the criminal when that has used the credit
Card Visa. The role could play and a video film. Having resorted
To biometric profiling, would be real to create the exact
Digital model of person Al Midhara, having given to its airports.
According to the interrogations spent after September, 11th, 86 %
Americans - for wider use of systems of recognition
Persons; 81 % are welcomed by more careful control over the bank
Operations and operations with credit cards; 68 % support
Idea of introduction of a uniform identification card.
But everything, that can help to open person Halida Al Midhara,
One dangerous passenger among millions quite innocent, in
Equal degree mentions also usual citizens. War with terrorism
Has just begun, but one is already clear: henceforth the information on that,
That you do, where go, to whom talk and as spend
The money, will be much more accessible to the government and,
Probably, for business community.
"On September, 11th much has changed, - Robert Pitofski speaks
(Robert Pitofsky), the former member of the federal commission on trade
(Federal Trade Commissioner) and for last decades one of
The most active defenders of inviolability of private life. - in
The society protecting private life, terrorists feel as
Fish in water. And if to find out them, it is necessary in
Something to renounce this inviolability, the majority is ready
To tell: "it is good, we agree".
Approach to private life goes in several directions.
Many hi-tech ways of the control which were considered to 11
September intrusion into private life (for example, febeerovskaja
System of interception of Internet Carnivore), today receive
Green light. On a shelf it is sent prepared till September, 11th
The bill protecting citizens from undesirable penetration
In their private life. The congress is going to accept
The antiterrorist law, giving to power structures new,
Large powers for listening of phones, monitoring
The Internet and reception of the information on a personal bank abacus.
Most seriously for all history of the USA it is considered
Question on obliging citizens to carry the national
Identification card - the idea, is no time anathematized
In the American open society.
All it can have serious consequences for the American
Democracies. Since times of fathers-founders Americans considered, that
The citizen has the right to supervise degree of an openness of data
About its thoughts, feelings, preferences and political views.
To spend border behind which it is possible to hide private world of the person
From immodest sights from the outside, is first of all and more all
Advantage question. In turn, it allows to protect all
Those who in minority: politicians, religious figures,
National minorities - from prosecutions from the party
The majority.
"Probably, the tyranny of small decisions will lead us to a society
Nightmare ", - the professor of the Harward legal school speaks
(Harvard Law School) Lawrence Trajb (Laurence H. Tribe).
Certainly, before it is still far. The president George Bush has rejected idea
Introductions of a national identification card. And a coalition
Defenders of a civil freedom at the left and on the right has subjected the Certificate on
To struggle against terrorism (Anti-Terrorism Act) the severe criticism. But
Position quickly varies. We have already refused some former
The taboo, providing inviolability of private life. And in a case
The new terrorist attacks, which USA cannot prevent,
The society presumes also higher degree of supervision. Erosion
Inviolability of private life can begin in situations,
Resulted more low.
That you do.
As though terrorists tried to be imperceptible, they live in
The real world. Those who attacked the World shopping centre (World
Trade Center), should buy tickets aboard the plane to take
Piloting lessons to communicate with each other and to draw out money with
Bills.
All these steps are fixed in computer networks. If
Policemen, having access to national computer systems,
Have found out, that the member of extremist group has got the explosive
Substances also has come on the Internet on a site with instructions on the explosive
To devices, possibly, they could prevent the potential
Act of terrorism. Or if someone tried to buy disputes
The Siberian ulcer the seller could check up quickly with whom has
Business.
For today these databases are isolated. Febeerovsky
The list of suspected terrorists is not connected with the Service list
Immigrations and naturalisations or gosdepa, let alone the private
Sector. While the set of laws and interdictions stir to the authorities
To correlate data available at their order with the information
Airlines, payment systems and the private organisations occupied
Information gathering.
But on October, 11th the head of Service of immigration and naturalisation James
Ziglar (James Ziglar) has already declared at hearings in one of
Congress committees, that computers of its department will be
Are connected to the central database of FBI about "bad guys". It
Also supports to oblige air carriers
To give lists of passengers in Service of immigration and
Naturalisation with a view of not to admit penetration of suspects on
Board of the planes going to the USA.
Someone, including general director Oracle Corp. Lawrence
Allison (Lawrence J. Ellison), recommend creation even more
Extensive databases. For example, databases Wal-Mart Stores Inc. And
Kmart Corp. Contain 100 terabyte of the information about all, since
Sales and finishing the account, storage and delivery. It approximately
200 billion documents - in 100 times more, than in commercial
To service database under taxes and tax collections (Internal Revenue
Service). "It is the present warehouses of data which absorb
The information almost in a real time mode, process it and
Lift alarm in few seconds or minutes ", -
Richard Uinter (Richard Winter), independent testifies
The expert on large databases.
Working out difficult becomes the main problem here
The software with which help it would be possible
To filter the information in search of potential terrorists.
To commands of criminologists working together and programmers
It is required to develop a set of characteristics potential
Villains. Such experience already is. It was used at capture
Serial murderers and at attempts to prevent abduction. Though
Results of this job were ambiguous. Used in
The aviaindustries computer system of screening of passengers (Computer
Assisted Passenger Screening system) has ignored practically
All participants of terrorist attacks on September, 11th. However is
All bases to hope for perfection of this technology.
New programs Sybase Inc. Already now can analyze to
1000 variable data, repeatedly increasing chances of policemen
On success in search of a needle in a haystack.
Happens, that the databases intended for one purposes,
Are used for others. Government officials more than once
Abused the power for gathering of the personal information. Remember
J. Edgara Hoover (J. Edgar Hoover, the director of FBI with 1924 on 1972
Year - "Profile") and Richard Nixon (Richard M. Nixon, the president
The USA with 1969 for 1974 - "Profile")? And, for example, the information about
Requirements of insurance payments under the medical insurances, collected
In Massachusetts, it was necessary to pass representatives of the tobacco
The industries within the limits of litigation against manufacturers
Cigarettes (though staff also has taken measures to hide the real
Names).
In long-term prospect wide application of new technologies
Information search will depend substantially on that,
Whether law-enforcement structures will manage to convince the public in
Volume, that in this question it is possible to develop effective and accurate
Rules which besides will be observed.
Who you.
Most of all disputes arises round the national
Identification map. Many Americans instinctively
Have disgust for this idea.
Passions on a map so are heated, that the authorities repeatedly
Blocked all attempts to use number of cards of the social
Insurance in driver's licences, at registration on
Elections and in prison documents. And all it from fear, that number
Social insurance cards becomes an equivalent national
Identification map.
It is more than hundred other countries, many of which -
Democratic, with it do not agree. It is a lot of variants. Germany,
Gone through the nazism, professes the minimalist approach. Here in
To card the base information which is switching on a name, a place is written down
Births and colour of eyes. Malaysia, on the contrary, this year has started
The program in which frameworks it is planned to give out 2 million
"Multi-purpose" cards in Kuala Lumpur. The computer chip
Allows to use this card as a driving licence,
Instrument of payment, card of national medical service and
The passport.
This beginning only of that is theoretically possible. Digital
Data allow to place technologies on an identification map
About criminal history of the person, the immigration information and
Many other things. Actually data can be so much, that
The card becomes a portable personal file.
From the point of view of the policeman, introduction of the identification
Cards expediently - they raise an overall performance
Anticriminal databases. For today enough one
Simple typing error in the list of passengers of a flight (we will tell, John
Smiht), that all efforts on association of databases of airline
"Delta" (Delta Air Lines Inc.) and the list of the potential
Terrorists of Service of immigration and naturalisation have gone to waste.
The truth and that identification documents can be forged.
But also these complexities are surmountable if to let out "clever" cards with
The computer chip which could bear the information on prints
Fingers of the owner or data about an iris of the eye of his eyes.
Certainly, many are anxious by that introduction of the identification
Cards will push the country on a slippery way. Finally,
Critics of this idea speak, cards can lay down in a creation basis
New databases. Having begun, for example, from a card of the Malaysian
The sample, the authorities can demand, that the information was read out
Every time when people buy something, go in
Travel or conduct search on the Internet. Thus will be
The huge file of data on citizens is saved up.
Now a question on introduction of the national identification
Cards like it is removed from the agenda, though up to the end from this idea
Have not refused. Even the people for a long time already supporting
The civil rights, today reconsider the sights. "I am simple
Automatically rejected idea of such cards, - tells
The professor-lawyer from the Harward university Alan Dershovitts (Alan
M. Dershowitz). - now I should consider all it anew ".
What information the government can demand to place on
To identification map...
Citizenship or the immigration status.
Home address.
Registration at voting.
Previous convictions.
Digital print of the big finger.
Digital photo.
... Also that citizens wished to add to it.
Whom to notify in case of death or at accident.
Where to return a card in a case uteri.
The employer.
Blood type.
Data on inoculations.
Data about an allergy.
The information on the medical insurance.
The information on car insurance.
Tooth map.
Number of the flight licence.
Instructions on guardianship.
DNA code.
Source - Business Week.
Where you go.
For last years the big progress in creation has been reached
Modern means of tracking. The chambers of supervision equipped
Programs for recognition of persons, can mark criminals even
In crowd. By means of devices of satellite system of the global
Positioning (Global Positioning System, GPS - satellite
Navigating system. - "profile") in cars, on boats and in
Portable devices, for example phones, it is possible to define
Co-ordinates to within 10 foots.
While systems of recognition of persons are used basically as
Means of personal identification when the high is necessary
Control degree. For example, when it is a question of identification
The personnel of atomic power stations. In public places in
Quality of means of the general supervision they are applied not often -
Let's tell, the police of Tampa uses these means in areas with the high
Crime rate. Some such devices have established at themselves
Casino. But after acts of terrorism committee on safety,
Generated by the minister of transport Normanom Mineta (Norman Y.
Mineta), recommended the massed introduction of such systems in
The airports. But still it is not clear, how much they will be effective.
They can be deceived, simply having pasted a beard. Besides, they give
Alarm signal too often. If not to solve these problems,
Such systems, possibly, never can be applied on
Sites with intensive movement - for example, in tunnels or on
Bridges.
Another matter GPS. This technology really works and
Quickly extends. Till September, 11th defenders "prajvesi" and
Some legislators developed restrictions on the private
Gathering by the companies of such information on the clients and transfer
Data to law enforcement bodies. Now this fight is lost.
Time data GPS can help to track down terrorists, them will be
To collect.
With whom you speak.
Law-enforcement services should have possibility to find out, with
Whom and about what prospective terrorists speak. For this reason
The administration lobbied the Certificate on struggle against terrorism, which
Expands powers of federal agents on listening
Telephone conversations and to connection to digital means
Communications - to e-mail, networks of providers it-lajnovskih
Services and to digital devices.
Unlike recognition of persons, identification cards or
Information search in databases which break "prajvesi"
All citizens, such monitoring basically will be carried out on
To the relation to already known suspects. Therefore interception not
So disturbs general public. Behind one, but essential
Exception. It is system Carnivore applied by FBI for
Monitoring of electronic correspondence, messages and digital
Phone calls. Because of too big capacity to 11
September it called rather ambiguous reaction in a society.
Being connected to a server of the Internet provider of suspected,
п arnivore watched not only it, but also for all clients of it
The provider. After protests of defenders "prajvesi" FBI has reduced
Application of this mechanism. Now brakes are released.
Programs of recognition of persons, information search in networks and bases
Data, national identification cards, Carnivore - all
These technologies while are used separately. But we live in
The digital century and at the heart of all mentioned systems lays figure. So
That is quite possible, that they will merge (as it occurs with
TVs, computers, video games, CDs-players) in
One monstrous espionage car. Actually as a result everyone
From these technologies becomes more effective.
The science can create and others, much more more powerful tools
The control and supervision if the legislative only are removed
Restrictions. Already job over companions, which is now conducted
Can read out a unique colour spectrum of radiation of a skin
The person. In job there are also devices which can
To define, for example, the person lays or not.
Being out of the control, developers can lead us almost
To transparent society. Such is David Farbera's opinion (David J.
Farber) - the pioneer of a computerisation standing at sources of the Network. "All
Technologies are already invented, - he speaks. - and only the law can
To stop situation development under this scenario ".
Once again we will underline, that technical possibility from the real
Workings out are separated by very long way. But something already in limits
Visibilities - really, data together various systems
Supervision from the technological point of view it makes sense.
The USA enter a new phase of war with terror. Also it is useful to remember
About this scenario in the spirit of Oruella (George Oruell, English
The writer, 1903-1950 - "Profile") at least as about light of a beacon,
Warning about danger ahead. It is pleasant to realise also,
That principles of protection of inviolability of private life,
Developed in the past, are still actual in the new world.
Supervision and supervision are under the control of the law, which
Demands to inform citizens that is spent
Any check and which grants to citizens the right to correct
The incorrect information on. It is the best guarantee of that,
Trying to catch following Halida Al Midhara, we will not receive in
Result instead of it the Big Brother.
Mike France (Mike France) and Hiter Green (Heather Green) from
New York with Jim Kershtetterom (Jim Kerstetter) from Dignity Mateo,
The State of California, Dzhejn Blek (Jane Black) and Alex Selkiver (Alex
Salkever) from New York and Dan Karni (Dan Carney) from Washington. -
Business Week.
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//* an information Source: the Profile, 5.11.01
//* Reg. Nom. - 1111100084.69-------------------------------------------
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